Part I Pre-reading Questions
1. Multinational corporations are business entities that operate in more than one country. One typical function is located in one country, while other facilities are located in other countries. In some circles, this type of corporation refers to a multinational enterprise or a transnational corporation.
2. Multinational corporations have many branches at home and abroad, and their strategic objectives are oriented to the international market, aiming at maximizing global profits and controlling foreign companies through holdings.
3. Corporate social responsibility refers to the responsibility for consumers, the community and the environment while creating profits for shareholders and the staff. The social responsibility of the enterprise requires taking the profit as the goal, emphasizing the concern of the human value in the production process and the contribution to the environment, consumers and society.
Part II Extensive Reading
Text A Going Global
1. 主旨归纳：The function of CSR has become more and more important in the world. Many companies begin to focus on the establishment of CSR. We are aware
1
of the significance that CSR takes a part in obtaining certification and establishing the brand of a corporation. CSR will continue to expand across the globe if the market remains to open up.
2. 结构分析
Part I The rich countries like Britain, America and Japan focus on different aspects of CSR. (Paras. 1-2)
Part II The lead on CSR shifts from the rich world to the big emerging markets. (Paras. 3-13)
A. India wants to improve basic services like schools and health care.
B. China begins to redefine CSR to gain acceptability and build the brand.
C. NGOs make great efforts to manage their reputation.
Part III The conclusion: CSR has influenced the emerging countries, which will continue if markets stay open. (Paras. 14-18)
3. 难句解析
(1) Such differences in priorities are bound to grow in importance as the BRIC countries — Brazil, Russia, India and China — and other emerging markets gain in economic clout and confidence. (Para. 3)
2
随着金砖四国（巴西、俄罗斯、印度和中国）以及其他新兴市场的经济影响力和自信的不断增强，发展优先性方面的差异一定会变得越来越重要。
clout: n. 影响力
e.g. An official protest could carry considerable clout.
正式的抗议可能具有相当大的影响力。
(2) From outside come the codes and inspections of foreign investors and global companies that want to apply their ethical standards across their supply chain. (Para. 7)
国外投资商和全球公司从外引进准则和监督机制，希望这些道德标准适用于供应链中。
ethical: adj. 道德的
e.g. The president must have the highest ethical standards.
总统必须具备最高的道德水准。
(3) There is a convergence of interests between NGOs trying to improve lives in poor communities and companies keen to reach consumers in markets with huge growth potential. (Para. 11)
非政府组织试图提高贫困人民的生活水平，公司则渴望赢得具有巨大增长潜力的市场
3
的消费者，两者存在着利益趋同现象。
convergence: n. 趋同现象
e.g. We need to move towards greater economic convergence.
我们有迈向更高经济趋同性的需要。
(4) To sign up, companies need only commit themselves to ten broad principles — such as promoting environmental responsibility and working against corruption — and report on their progress once a year. (Para. 17)
要签署加入（联合国全球契约），公司只需承诺履行十大主要准则，例如提高环保的责任意识，反腐败，并且每年公开年报。
commit: v. 承诺
e.g. I’d like a friendship that might lead to something deeper, but I wouldn’t want to commit myself too soon.
我想要可能发展到更深层关系的友谊，但我不想太快做出承诺。
4. 词汇解析
(1) clout: [klaʊt] n. 影响力；势力 (Para. 3)
4
(2) backlash: ['bæklæʃ] n. 反冲；强烈抵制 (Para. 5)
(3) reckon: ['rek(ə)n] vt. 估计；认为 (Para. 9)
(4) convergence: [kən'vɜːdʒəns] n. 会聚；趋同 (Para. 11)
(5) sovereign: ['sɒvrɪn] n. 主权 (Para. 14)
Text B Sony Is Not Japan
1.
主旨归纳：The article depicts a depressing situation where Sony has ranked
near last among Japan’s top 10 brands for a year. People wander whether the new CEO Howard Stringer will alleviate the stagnation of Sony.
2. 结构分析
Part I The introduction: Howard Stringer became the new CEO of Sony last week. (Para. 1)
Part II Sony’s profitability has fallen in Japan’s top 10 brands. (Paras. 2-11)
A. The displacement of Sony by others as the leading edge (Para. 2)
B. The cause of Sony’s stagnation (Paras. 7-11)
Part III The author advises that Stringer should listen to investors and put
5
Sony’s development in the right track. (Para. 12)
3. 难句解析
(1) A company that financed its own birth back in the 1940s, Sony was long seen as an entrepreneurial maverick in Japan, where the state nurtured many of the nation’s most famous companies. (Para. 6)
索尼公司在20世纪40年代就成立了，日本培育了许多全国最著名的公司，索尼就是其中的一家王牌企业。
entrepreneurial: adj. 企业家的
e.g. If you don’t want to have a boss, why not explore your entrepreneurial faculties and start your own business?
要是你不想要老板，那么为什么不发挥你企业家的才能自己建立一家公司呢？
(2) Sony became a case study of the lingering stagnation in corporate Japan. (Para. 7)
索尼公司成了日本企业运营停滞的一项研究案例。
stagnation: n. 停滞
e.g. Yet in doing so, they are condemning their economy to years of
6
stagnation.
但这样做的同时，他们也在将经济拖向长年累月的停滞。
(3) Four years ago Matsushita started a brutal round of cost-cutting that eliminated some 26,000 jobs in Japan alone and shuttered 30 factories. (Para. 8)
松下电器在四年前进行了一次大幅度成本削减，单单在日本就减少了约2.6万个岗位，并关闭了30家工厂。
shutter: v.（暂时或永久地）使停业，使关闭
e.g. The company shuttered its Taiwan business a year ago.
这家公司一年前停止了在台湾的业务。
(4) As recently as 2001, according to a survey in Weekly Diamond magazine, Sony was still beating out Matsushita for market share in seven out of 10 consumer electronics categories. (Para. 9)
据《钻石周刊》2001年的调查，索尼在消费电子类别中，仍以70%的市场份额击败松下电器。
beat out: 打败
e.g. Certainly, tablets beat out PCs for portability and entertainment value, but
7
until they can match the content creation capabilities of laptops and desktops, they won’t quickly kill off PCs.
当然，平板在便携性和娱乐价值上打败了PC，但是直到它们能在内容创作能力方面比得上笔记本和台式机前，它们不会很快灭掉PC。
(5) Many foreign investors hope Stringer will spin off Sony’s entertainment division, thereby freeing the company to return to its original focus on consumer electronics. (Para. 12)
许多外国投资者希望斯丁格将索尼公司的娱乐部门分离出来，以便公司将精力重新投在消费电子产业方面。
spin off: 分拆
e.g. Announce plans to maybe sell the PC business. Or maybe spin off PCs as a stand-alone company.
宣布可能出售PC业务的计划，也有可能是把PC业务分拆为一家独立的公司。
4. 词汇解析
(1) multinational: [mʌltɪ'næʃ(ə)n(ə)l] n. 跨国公司 (Para. 2)
(2) margin: ['mɑ:dʒɪn] n. 利润 (Para. 4)
8
(3) bureaucratic: [ˌbjʊərə'krætɪk] adj. 官僚的，官僚主义的 (Para. 4)
(4) cofounder: [kəʊ'faʊndə] n. 共同创办人，共同创始人 (Para. 5)
Part Ⅴ
1. Two major factors can be taken into account. On one hand, China has implemented the reform and opening-up policy, and multinationals have the freedom to develop their business in China. On the other hand, the delicacy and diversity of foods, high-quality services and the pleasant environment make them popular in China.
2. Western fast food chains will have a promising future in China. They constantly improve foods, services and the environment of dining area. The diversity of foods can satisfy the young generation’s consumption and appetite.
9
因篇幅问题不能全部显示，请点此查看更多更全内容