Part Ⅰ DICTATION
Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 1 minute to check through your work once more.
Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.
Dictation:
Mindless Eating Tied to Your Environment
Much of our habitual eating is tied to habitual experiences. / A study showed that we
consumed the food / not because of the taste but because of the experience. / When we’ve repeatedly eaten a particular food in a particular environment, / our brain comes to associate the food with that environment. / And this association makes us keep eating/ as long as those environmental cues are present. / Researchers proved this by taking a group of movie watchers/ who regularly consumed popcorn at the movies.
Part II LISTENING COMPREHENSION SECTION A TALK
Good morning, boys and girls. Today, we are going to talk about how to read faster when you are doing reading comprehension.
Actually the only way to read faster is to read faster. This may sound like double talk, but it is a serious suggestion. The fact is that most people can read faster simply by making a conscious effort to do so.
(1)The following are some guidelines from the “Just Do It” school on speed reading. First, get your body ready. Get off the couch. Sit at a desk or table and sit up, on the edge of your chair, with your feet flat on the floor. When you feel your body ready to start the reading, breathe in and out deeply for several times.
(2)Next, set a time limit. Use a clock or a digital watch with a built-in stopwatch to time yourself. The objective is not to set speed records, so be realistic. The idea is to give yourself a gentle push, increasing your reading speed without sacrificing comprehension.
Another hint from the “Just Do It” school is to relax. (3)Relaxation promotes concentration. But remember, relaxation is not the same thing as sleep. So focus on the reading material and relax when you find it difficult to comprehend.
(4)You may begin the experiment with the “Just do it” method right now. Read the reading comprehension material as fast as you can. After you finish, come back and reread the same paragraphs at your usual rate. Notice how much you remembered from your first sprint through.
(5)You can also read faster by moving your eyes faster. When we read, our eyes leap across the page in short bursts called speed-reading. Your eyes can move faster if they take in more words with each burst—six instead of three, for example.
(6)When you’re in a hurry, scan the assignment and read the headings, subheading, lists, charts, graphs and summary paragraphs. By doing this, you get the general idea of the passage and then you may focus on the questions as well as the details.
(7)Another way to read faster is not to vocalize. Obviously, you’re more likely to read faster if you don’t read aloud or move your lips. To stop doing it, just be aware of it.
And also you may practice reading faster with simpler material at first. That way you can pay closer attention. A cautionary note about these techniques is that speed isn’t everything. (8)Skillful readers vary their reading rate according to their purpose and the nature of the material. You can also use different reading rates on the same materials. That is the method we should use in everyday English learning. When you comprehend the passage in our textbook, you may skim the passage to get the main idea and key words. (9)Then pay attention to the questions that follow, and focus on the answers where they appear in the passage. (10)Also you should pay attention to the difficult part of the passage. As you are practicing reading more and reading faster, you will surprisingly find you cannot only read faster, but also comprehend better. That is all for today’s lecture. Thanks for your attention.
Reading Faster
The only way to read faster is to read faster, and it is a serious suggestion.
I. Guidelines of ________(1)_______
-------get your body ready
-------set a _______(2)________
-------relaxation _______(3)________ concentration
II. Concrete ways of reading faster
1) ______(4)_______ with “ Just Do It ”; 2) Move your eyes ______(5)______;
3) _______(6)_______ the assignment and read the headings, charts and so on; 4) Avoid _______(7)________.
III. Skill to improve the efficiency of reading
1) Skillful readers ______(8)_______ reading rate according to their purpose and the
nature of the material;
2) Skim the passage for the key words and ideas;
3) Pay attention to the _____(9)______ that follow, and focus on the answers appearing
in the passage;
4) Pay attention to the _______(10)_________ part of the passage.
1. speed reading 2. time limit 3. promotes 4. Experiment 5. faster 6. scan
7. vocalizing
8. vary 9. questions 10. difficult
SECTION B CONVERSATIONS
In this section you will hear two conversations. At the end of each conversation, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A, B, C and D, and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO. You have thirty seconds to preview the questions. Now listen to the conversations.
Conversation One
W: The trip was pretty good except for the flat tire we got on the way home. I was going to change it myself but then...hey Dan, are you even listening to me? Dan? M: Oh sorry, I spaced out there for a second.
W: Who were you looking at? Wait a second... you were looking at Julie! M: All right, I confess! I'm busted. I have a big crush on Julie.
W: That's wonderful! Julie is a great woman, and you're a great guy! So have you asked her out yet?
M: No. I'm not really sure it's appropriate.
W: I think lots of people meet their “significant other” in the workplace. It's not like she's your boss. Go ask her out!
M: I don't know. What if she says “no”?
W: Have you ever heard the old expression “Nothing ventured, nothing gained”? What if she says “yes”?
M: I've always had a really hard time approaching women. I get tongue-tied and start sweating. I don't want to come across as too aggressive, but I also don't want to appear too passive. It's really hard to get it right!
W: If there's one thing I've learned in my life, it's that you never lose by trying. You never know unless you try! Getting rejected isn't the end of the world!
M: But how do I make the initial approach? Should I try to come up with some clever or witty remarks?
W: I suggest being sweet, straightforward and sincere. M: So what should I say?
W: Tell the truth! Say, \"Hi Julie, I was wondering if you'd be interested in going out this Saturday? I know a great sushi place.\"
M: Just like that? Don't you think it will scare her?
W: Both you and Julie are adults, and that's the way adults communicate with each other. If you're worried about being too direct, you should make it a group event and invite her along. M: The whole process just seems so scary.
W: You know what's really scary? The idea that two people might be perfect for each other, but they're too afraid to talk to each other. What a waste! M: That's a good point.
W: What's the worst thing that could happen? M: She rejects me. W: And is that so bad?
M: No, I guess not. All right, I'm going to do it. I'm going to ask her out. This is the end of Conversation One.
Questions 1 to 5 are based on Conversation One. 1. What is the woman’s opinion on office love? A. It is not allowed. B. It is a common thing. C. It should be kept secret.
D. It is popular with young people.
2. Which is NOT mentioned as something that worries the man? A. Talking too much. B. Being too aggressive. C. Being too passive, D. Getting tongue-tied.
3. Which is NOT the woman’s suggestion for the man? A. Being sweet.
B. Being straightforward. C. Being sincere. D. Being generous.
4. Why does the woman suggest the man invite Julie to a group event? A. To make a more exciting environment. B. To introduce more friends to Julie C. To avoid being too direct. D. To show his popularity.
5. Why does the woman mention the possibility that Julie rejects the man? A. To ask the man to prepare for that. B. To tell the man failure is possible. C. To imply it is not an easy thing. D. To encourage the man to have a try.
Conversation Two:
W: Frank, we just got our sales figures in and the numbers are very disappointing. What's going on here?
M: Maybe we should brainstorm some ideas for a radical reinvention of our sales and marketing plan.
W: Yeah, let's do that right now. What do you think the problem is?
M: Well, it seems our competitors have managed to carve a niche in the market. They are now perceived as more \"cool\" or trendy than we are. Perhaps we should consider getting some celebrity endorsements. W: That's not a bad idea.
M: I'd also suggest we reevaluate our packaging. Right now the box we sell our product in seems a little drab and colorless.
W: Yes, we could redesign our packaging. But on the other hand, there is a recent trend to move away from excessive packaging. You know, to help save the environment.
M: That's another way we could go. We could reduce our packaging, and then advertise our environment-friendly business policies. Being “green” is definitely cool these days. W: What about our pricing? Are we competitive?
M: Actually, we are roughly 15% more expensive than our closest competitors. But it's going to be hard to cut costs any further, seeing as we are already operating on a very slim margin.
W: There're always ways to cut costs; we just have to think outside the box. Perhaps we should consider re-locating one of our factories to a more cost-efficient country.
M: We can also talk to our vendors about where they place our products. Perhaps if they're placed in a more prominent location in stores, they'll catch the eye of more customers.
W: Would it help if we offered a mega sale to clear out some of our inventory? We might not make a lot of money, but we might gain some brand awareness.
M: That's a great idea. Getting people talking about our brand would be a big boost. W: Another idea is for us to reevaluate where we are spending our advertising dollar.
M: Right now, we break it down between all the major media outlets. Television advertising gets 45% of our budget, 30% goes to print media, 20% goes to radio and 5% goes towards advertising online.
W: I think we should boost our online advertising. Online ads are cheap and they can reach a much wider audience.
M: All right, I'll ask the advertisement department to make the changes.
W: If we can implement these new ideas by the end of this quarter, we might be able to reverse our sales slide and put ourselves in position for a major rebound to come next year. M: That would be great.
This is the end of Conversation Two.
Questions 6 to 10 are based on Conversation Two. 6. What is the man’s idea about being trendy? A. Getting some celebrity endorsements. B. Inventing some fashionable products. C. Putting up some fascinating ads. D. Setting up activities for youngsters.
7. What is the way to deal with packaging to follow the recent trend of being “green”? A. Redesigning packaging.. B. Reducing packaging. C. Adding packaging. D. Removing packaging.
8. What does the man imply about their pricing? A. It is competitive in the market. B. It is rising gradually. C. It couldn’t be any lower. D. It makes a good profit.
9. Why does the woman suggest offering a mega sale? A. To make a lot of money. B. To save the cost on stores,
C. To gain more profit.
D. To gain brand awareness.
10. What takes up the most part of their advertising cost? A. Print media advertising. B. Radio advertising. C. Online advertising. D. Television advertising.
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