(一) 首句
章段首句
It’s well-known that 众所周知
As far as we know As everybody knows As far as sb. be concerned Frankly speaking Generally speaking I am of the opinion that … In my opinion It has been shown that… It has been found that … It’s believed that… 据我们所知
众所周知
就……而论
坦白地说
一般来说
我认为
我认为
现已表明
已经发现
有人相信
It’s expected that… 有人盼望
It’s hoped that … 人们希望
It’s thought that … 有人认为
Until recently … 直到最近
Faced with …, quite a few people argue that …. But other people conceive differently.
There is a general discussion today about the issue of…. Those who object to … argue that…. They believe that …. But people who favor …, on the other hand, argue that….
Currently there is a widespread concern that …
More and more people are realizing / have come to realize…
There is no denying / doubt that ….
(二) 结尾句
Above all 最重要的是
After all 毕竟
All in all 总的来说
In a word 总而言之
As a result 结果
In fact / As a matter of fact 事实上
In short / In brief 简而言之
In conclusion 总之
In general /summary 总之
In the end / Finally Last of all 最后
On the whole 总的来看
It may be confirmed that… 可以肯定
It’s clear that … 很清楚
To sum up 概括地说
Personally, I prefer to …
As far as… be concerned, I think / believe that…
In my opinion, I am in favor of ….
（三）写作中常用到的过渡词：
1.时间顺序：first, second, then, finally, now, before, afterwards, earlier, later, immediately,
suddenly, soon, gradually
2.空间顺序：in front of, behind, at the back of, to the left, to the right, above, below, on one
side, on the other side, next (to), far (from), beside , outside, around
3.因果关系：because, since, as, thanks to, as a result (of), so, therefore, thus, otherwise, on account of, due to, owe to
4.递进关系：in addition, furthermore, moreover, what’s more, what’s worse, even, besides, still more, to make things worse
5.例证说明：for example, for instance, such as, in one’s opinion, in fact, in this case, for actually, that is to say, in other words, according to
6.并列关系：but, and, as well as, or
7.对称关系：for one thing, for another, on the one hand, on the other hand
8.转折关系：above all, at last, in a word, in summary, to sum up, in short, generally speaking, as you know, in conclusion, in brief, as has been stated
9.总结关系：above all, at last, in a word, in summary, to sum up, in short, generally speaking, as you know, in conclusion, in brief, as has been stated
10.过渡性插入语：I think, I’m afraid, you know, as we all know, I’m sure, as far as I know
11.强调关系：in fact, indeed, surely, necessarily, certainly, without any doubt, truly, to repeat, the most important, above all
（四）、常用模式
1．万事看头难 常用模式：Nowadays….
It goes without saying that….
Now people begin to realize that….
There is no denying that…..
It is common that…..
2．拓展不下去：
常用模式：（1）、罗列 Firstly….Secondly….. Thirdly…..
For one thing…. For another….
On one hand….. On the other hand….
At the same time….
（2）、举例 Take… for example…
To explain…
（3）、对比 In contrast,…. / On the contrary
（4）、递进 Moreover/ In addition/ Besides
（5）、因果 Because…/ Because of…
Therefore…/ Consequently…/ As a result,…
The reason is (was) that…
The reason why (for which) …is (was) that…
That is because (why)…
One of the important reason is ….
（6）、转折 But…/ However…/ Instead of…
Otherwise… /Nevertheless….
3．难以结尾：常用模式：（1）、总结 To sum up…/ In brief…
（2）、个人观点 Personally…/ As for me….
现象解释型：
模板一：
(1) Recently, _______. What amazes us most is _______. It is true that _______.
(2) There are many reasons explaining _______. The main reason is ______.
What is more, _______. Thirdly, ________. As a result _________.
(3) Considering all these, ________. For one thing, _________. For another,
______. In conclusion, ______.
模板二：
（1） As is known to all, _______. _________ seem to get accustomed to _________. In fact, __________.
（2） The reasons of ______ lie in several aspects. Firstly, ______. Secondly, ______. Thirdly, ______. Finally, _______.
（3） As a matter of fact, ______. On the one hand , ______. On the other hand, ______. Therefore, ______.
现象解释型叙事：
（1） It so happened that _______. Just at the moment, ________. It impressed most because ________.
（2） What happened was_______. At first, _______. Almost at the same time, _______. What’s more, ______. As a result, ________.
（3） As I understand, ______. On the one hand , ______. On the other hand, ______. Therefore, ______.
对比选择型：
模板一：
（1） There is a heated debate over _______. It is commonly accepted that ______. In contrast, others _______.
（2） Those who hold the first opinion suggest ________. In their view, ______. However, others think ______. They argue that ______.
（3） Considering one after another, I stand on the side of ______. First of all,_______. Furthermore, _______. Thirdly, ______. Therefore, ________.
模板二：
(1) Recently, we may hear quite different opinions _______. Most people take
it for granted that ________. However, others hold ________.
(2) A dominant idea is that _______. In the view, ______. Nevertheless, the
objectors think _______. They argue that ______.
(3) As to me, I prefer ______. Therefore, ______. On the one hand , ______. On
the other hand, ______. In conclusion, _______.
模板三：
(1) Different people will offer quite different ideas _______. Many people
assert _______. However, others believe ______.
(2) Some may proclaim _______. They maintain such an idea because _______.
In contrast, the objectors think _______. They argue that _______.
(3) As far as I am concerned, I agree to _______. First, ______. Second, _____.
Last but least, _______. In a word, ________.
问题解决型：
模板一：
（1） With the ______ of _______, _______. So it is of great importance for us to _______. On the one hand , ______. On the other hand, ______.
（2） However, we have figured out many ways to _______. Firstly, ______. So long as _______. Secondly, _______. Thirdly, _______.
（3） In fact, ______. That is because _______. In a word, ______.
模板二：
(1) There has been a discussion recently about _______. It is true to the
present situation that ________. But ______.
(2) As is known to all, there are many ways ______. First of all, ______.
Furthermore, ______. Last but not least, _______.
(3) So it is high time for us to _______. That is because _______. Firstly, _____. In
addition, ______. Only in this way _______.
观点论证型：
It is well known that______. The truth of it is self—evident. No one can deny _____. Therefore, _______.
Many examples can be found to prove _____. Take ______ as a typical example ______. People _____. Furthermore, ______.
It goes without saying that _____. Then, _____. There is no doubt that ______. In conclusion, ________.
It is believed that ______. The truth is deep and profound. As we know, ______. Consequently, ________.
A case in point is _______. This is close to suggest _______. It is true that . In addition, _______.
All mentioned above tells us ______. As a matter of fact, _______. There is no denying that _______. In short, ________.
应用文：
1. 竞选演说词：
Dear:
It is a great honor for me to stand here and give my speech. To begin with, let me introduce myself, my name is _____. As some of you may know, I am ______.
As for the position of ______., there are some things making me feel qualified to take the job. Firstly, I ______. Secondly, I______. Thirdly, I am good at _______.
Looking into the future, I will try my best to serve my _______ if I am lucky enough to be the ______. On the one hand, I, with my co-workers, will _______. On the other hand, I will ______. In addition, I will ______.
I wish all of you the best and thank you all for listening. Thank you!
2. 日程安排解说词：
Ladies and Gentlemen / Dear _______,
Welcome to ________. To begin with, _______. It’s my pleasure to ______.
Now to share the schedule with you, _______. Please keep in mind that _______. According to the schedule, ______. In addition, ______.
As a matter of fact, ______. During your visit, ______. There is no doubt that ______. I hope that _____. Thank you very much for ______.
3. 建议信：
Dear _____,
I am delighted to learn that ______. It _______. In my opinion, ______. On the one
hand, ______. On the other hand, ______.
As to ______, I suggest ______. If ______. It is unnecessary for you to ______. In addition, ________. I am sure ________.
Please inform me _______. I am looking forward to ________.
Sincerely yours,
Signature
4. 批评、抱怨信：
Dear ______,
My name is ______. I am _______. I venture to write you a letter about _______.
The focus of the complaint is ______. For one thing, _______. For another, ______. Honestly speaking, _______. But _______. Besides,_______.
All in all, there is still much room for improvement ______. I do hope _______. Thank you for your time and kind consideration.
Sincerely yours,
Signature
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