Ⅰ. 阅读理解
Not only does the use of plastic water bottles hurt your wallet, it also increases pollution and wastes energy and water. Only 23% of all plastic in America ends up in a recycling bin, meaning over $1 billion worth of plastic is treated as rubbish a year. Recently, Skipping Rocks Lab has invented a kind of water bottle called Ooho.
It is a convenient, clear water bottle that can either be drunk or eaten. To drink it, you can either peel off the membrane(薄膜) or tear a hole in the membrane with your teeth to pour the water into your mouth. To eat it, you simply put the whole bottle in your mouth. One problem the scientists have run into is how to ship lots of Ooho bubbles without arriving with a very wet truck. However, they have attempted to package units of individual bubbles together inside a larger and thicker membrane. It is targeting large outdoor events such as marathons, music festivals, and sporting events, where tons of plastic bottles are used, and frequently left behind as litter. And too much plastic is sure to do harm to the environment, which could account for their purpose of such a new invention.
The team has been working for the past two years to develop the technology and materials needed to produce Ooho; they have recently applied for a patent for their new advancement. The price for an individual bubble or a unit of bubbles has not been set yet, but they cost about two cents to create a unit, which is cheaper than plastic bottles. It has appeared at events in London, San Francisco, Boston, at conferences, festivals, and so on.
Ooho is catching many people's attention and has raised over $ 1 million and gained 1，000 investors in only three days. It is mostly being sold at events at the moment to keep the consumers' interest when the production machine is running. It is quickly making a rise, so keep an eye out this year for these bottles of the future. 1. How is most plastic dealt with in America? A. It's sold. C. It's buried.
2. Why did the team invent Ooho? A. To make a profit for a company. B. To protect the environment. C. To make people eat as they drink. D. To reduce the cost of the plastic bottle. 3. What can we infer about Ooho from the text? A. It is easy and safe to ship it in large amounts. B. It has become popular since it began to be sold. C. It might be sold at a lower price than plastic bottles. D. It cost the team a lot of money to develop the technology. 4. What does the author really want to say in the last paragraph? A. Ooho is to be a success in the future. B. Ooho is being supported by smart people. C. Ooho is taking the place of plastic bottles now. D. Ooho is being produced to attract more investors. 答案与解析
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。由于塑料瓶的使用不但浪费金钱，还造成环境污染，Skipping Rocks Lab发明了一种可以食用的包装材料Ooho。本文介绍了Ooho的食用方法，运输方法以及制作成本，
B. It's recycled. D. It's wasted.
并展望了其市场前景。 1．答案 D
解析 考查细节理解。根据第一段第二句“Only 23% of all plastic in America ends up in a recycling bin，meaning over $ 1 billion worth of plastic is treated as rubbish a year.”可知，在美国只有23%的塑料最终回到回收站，这意味着价值超过10亿美元的塑料被视为垃圾。据此可知，在美国，大部分塑料被当成垃圾处理了，故D项正确。 2．答案 B
解析 考查细节理解。根据第二段尾句“And too much plastic is sure to do harm to the environment, which could account for their purpose of such a new invention.”可知，由于塑料瓶的使用污染了环境，故Skipping Rocks Lab发明了一种可以食用的包装材料Ooho，故B项正确。 3．答案 C
解析 考查推理判断。根据第三段第二句“The price for an individual bubble or a unit of bubbles has not been set yet，but they cost about two cents to create a unit，which is cheaper than plastic bottles.”可知，该产品的制造成本比塑料瓶低；据此可推知，该产品的售价也可能比塑料瓶低，故C项正确。
干扰项分析 根据第二段第四句“One problem the scientists have run into is how to ship lots of Ooho bubbles without arriving with a very wet
truck.”可知，该产品不易大量运输，故A项错误；文中未提及该产品开始售卖后的受欢迎程度，故B项错误；D项文中没有提及。 4．答案 A
解析 考查推理判断。根据尾段第一句“Ooho is catching many people's attention and has raised over $ 1 million and gained 1，000 investors in only three days”可知，Ooho吸引了很多人的注意，在三天时间内就得到了1 000位投资者的关注，筹集到100多万美元；再结合最后一句“It is quickly making a rise, so keep an eye out this year for these bottles of the future.”可推知，作者最后一段想要表达的是，在未来Ooho一定能获得成功，故A项正确。
(2019·南阳模拟)I recently posted a picture on Facebook from the movie Mad Max, a film where two groups race through the desert in steam punk vehicles, and wrote, “Actual picture of my way to work today.” It was meant to be a joke because of the sandstorms in Beijing, but one of my friends from back home thought it was real.
I couldn't imagine how they could think that is actually what China is like. China has so many more conveniences and advantages than the West, and many of my friends agree. “I don't know how I will be able to deal when I go back home，” said a friend who is about to end her gap year in Beijing. “I've become so spoiled in China.”
China seems to be leading the way in innovation and convenience
for daily life. Back home I could never shop, pull out my phone and scan a QR code to pay.
There have been rumors of starting bike sharing in my hometown for years with little success while bike sharing suddenly appeared in Beijing overnight. I just step outside and scan a code, and I am on my way.
Going out to eat with a group of friends back home was troublesome for both the group and the servers. Splitting checks and swiping(刷)10 different cards or making change for each person in the group can be a pain. But with China's WeChat, you can quickly send your friends your part of the bill.
The list goes on ...
When I first arrived in Beijing, I was dead set on leaving in a month. That month has come and gone. Now, when someone asks me when I'm coming back, I think to myself, “Who knows？”
While my friends think I'm riding through the desert on a motorbike, I am actually taking a “Didi” for what is the equivalent of $5 in the US.
With all the conveniences and technology here, I may never want to go back.
1. What's the function of Paragraph 1? A. To introduce a movie. B. To introduce the topic. C. To tell an interesting story. D. To show the weather in Beijing.
2. How did the author feel when he first came to Beijing? A. He didn't want to stay long. B. He couldn't stand the weather. C. He never wanted to go back home. D. He was amazed at the bike sharing.
3. What can we infer from the text?
A. China is the first country to start bike sharing.
B. The author has become used to mobile payment in China. C. People always use WeChat to pay when eating out in the US. D. The author's friends all know the convenience of living in China. 4. What does the text intend to tell us? A. Bike sharing has spread all over China. B. Foreigners have misunderstandings of China. C. Life in foreign countries is not as easy as we thought. D. Technology has brought much convenience in China. 答案与解析
【文章大意】 本文属于记叙文。作者介绍了自己在中国，尤其是在北京生活上的各种方便和便利。作者认为中国似乎在引领日常生活便利化的变革。 1. 答案 B
解析 推理判断题。作者用一个玩笑来引出自己接下来要讲述的事情，所以第一段的目的是引出并介绍要说的话题，故选B项。 2. 答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“When I first arrived in Beijing, I was dead set on leaving in a month.”可知作者刚来的时候，非常不习惯，第一个月非常想动身回家。故答案为A项。 3. 答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Back home I could never shop, pull
out my phone and scan a QR code to pay.”可知作者已经习惯了用手机扫码付款购物，故B项是正确的。A和C项文章都没有提到，D项和原文表述的“有些朋友并不知道中国目前的便利”不符。 4. 答案 D
解析 推理判断题。作者通过自己的亲身体验和生活实际讲述了在中国的各种方便和便利，科技的发展使中国引领生活便利化的潮流，故选D项。 Ⅱ. 阅读填句
(2019·德阳高三模拟)There is a collection of positive habits that make a person so successful in class. __1__．
Here are some habits of top students that you can use as tips to do better at school：
First, __2__. In college, homework assignments generally make up 5%～20% of your grade, but can be the biggest timesuck for most students. Working problems is one of the best ways to turn new concepts into working knowledge, but you'll never see on an exam a large majority of those problems that take you hours and hours to work through.
Second, they never “read through” the textbook. Per time spent, reading the textbook is one of the least effective methods for learning new materials. __3__， but otherwise use Google, lecture notes, and old exams for study materials.
Third, they test themselves frequently. Testing yourself strengthens your brain's connections to new materials. __4__. Bottom line, repeated self－testing significantly improve long－term memory of new materials.
Last, they study in short bursts, not long marathons. Studying in short burst tends to help you focus strongly because you know there is at least a short break coming. __5__， which makes studying continuously for multiple hours on end. A. It helps relax our mind
B. they always focus on their homework C. they don't always do all of their homework D. Top students use examples and practice problems
E. This also fits in nicely with our natural activity or rest cycle of our bodies
F. It gives you immediate and clear feedback on whether you know something or not
G. An accumulation of such habits can combine to produce high－level academic performance 答案与解析
【文章大意】 积极的习惯能让一个人在课堂上成功，作者介绍了尖子生的一些学习习惯和方法。 1. 答案 G
解析 上句讲有一些积极的习惯能让一个人在课堂上成功，G项“这种习惯的积累可以结合产生高水平的学术表现”，说明了其重要作用，引出下文内容，故选G项。 2. 答案 C
解析 根据下句“In college, homework assignments generally make up 5%～20% of your grade, but can be the biggest time－suck for most
students.”可知，大学里的作业很占用时间，根据“Working problems is one of the best ways to turn new concepts into working knowledge”可知要注重实践。C项说明尖子生并不是做全部的作业，符合本段内容，概括全段内容。 3. 答案 D
解析 本段讲尖子生的学习技巧，从不通读教科书。D项“使用例子和练习，是尖子生的具体做法”，与上句连接，与下句并列。 4. 答案 F
解析 本段讲尖子生经常测试自己，以及自测的好处。F项“它会给你即时和清晰地反馈你知道的和不知道的内容”，与上句并列，都是自测的好处。 5. 答案 E
解析 本段讲尖子生擅长在短时间内学习，而不是长时间的马拉松。下文讲短时间集中精力学习的好处，E项“这也与我们身体的自然活动或休息周期吻合”，符合本段内容。 Ⅲ. 短文改错
Nowadays more and more people would rather to look for a job on the Internet than in the job market. There are many reasons for my preference, one of which is that a job hunter can find job conveniently. He needn't bother to get recommendations from friend. Besides, a job hunter can get one by simple sending resumes by e－mail but the success rate is very high. Even if one failed to make it, he won't feel embarrassing.
I believe job－hunting on the Internet will win favor in more and more jobless people for its convenient, efficiency and high success rate. 答案与解析
1. 答案 去掉look前的to
解析 考查固定搭配。would rather do sth.表示“宁愿做某事”，为固定搭配。
2. 答案 my→their
解析 考查代词。前面句子主语为people，因此句意应为“他们对网上求职的偏爱有很多原因”。 3. 答案 find后加a
解析 考查冠词。job为可数名词，所以前面加不定冠词a。 4. 答案 friend→friends
解析 考查名词。friend为可数名词，根据生活常识，应为“来自很多朋友的推荐”。 5. 答案 simple→simply
解析 考查副词。修饰副词sending用副词形式。 6. 答案 but→and
解析 考查连词。根据语意可知，此处前后为顺承关系，所以用and。 7. 答案 failed→fails
解析 考查时态。if从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。 8. 答案 embarrassing→embarrassed
解析 主语为he，根据句意，此处应是“感到尴尬的”，故用－ed形
式的形容词来修饰。 9. 答案 in→over/among
解析 考查介词。win favor over/among ...意为“赢得……的青睐”。 10. 答案 convenient→convenience
解析 考查名词。形容词性物主代词its后加名词。
完形填空专题训练(4) 夹叙夹议文
(2019·郴州市模拟)Every time Shelly and her friends go out to dinner, they play something called the “phone pile” game. Upon entering the private room, everyone places their __1__ on the tea table; whoever checks their device before the bill arrives __2__ for dinner. This game was first played about one year ago, when Lily, the starter, found that she had trouble __3__ her mobile phone after she got home from work. So she __4__ putting her phone into a small container the moment she walked in. It would remain there until after dinner.
The similar technique was carried out by Holly, who didn't __5__ to sleep close to a beeping phone. So she __6__ computers and phones in her bedroom — a rule she __7__ in her WeChat friends circle. With the rapid development of science and technology, smart phones __8__ to impact our lives, and wearable devices like Google Glass __9__our individual space even further. Thus overburdened users are creating their own device-free zones. These disconnecting __10__ are improving their lives.
“Disconnecting is something that we all __11__，” said Shelly. “The expectation that we must always be __12__ to everyone creates a real problem in trying to __13__ private time. But that private time is more important than ever.”
A useful method for __14__ is to choose a milk tin for your cell phone, just like Lily does. “ __15__ my phone is lighting up, it's still a distraction(分心的事物), so it goes in the __16__，” she said.
Others choose new __17__. “No screens after 11 p．m.” said Ari Melber, a TV host. “Now evenings are more __18__ and I am sleeping better.”
Sleep is a big factor, which is why some __19__to leave their phones out of their bedrooms. To these people, it __20__ is a headclearer. 1. A. wallets C. phones 2. A. waits C. prepares 3. A. ignoring C. charging 4. A. advised C. stopped 5. A. hate C. want 6. A. lost C. collected 7. A. shared C. talked 8. A. intend C. happen
B. handbags D. watches B. pays D. looks B. checking D. finding B. forgot D. began B. arrange D. promise B. banned D. adjusted B. agreed D. provided B. choose D. continue
9. A. threaten C. improve 10. A. tricks C. ways 11. A. need C. discover 12. A. dependable C. convenient 13. A. put out C. turn down 14. A. connecting C. disconnecting 15. A. Unless C. Until 16. A. room C. bag 17. A. rules C. steps 18. A. flexible C. urgent 19. A. admit C. prefer 20. A. nearly C. finally 答案与解析
B. defend D. use B. beliefs D. guesses B. avoid D. learn B. attractive D. available B. set aside D. cut off B. distributing D. entertaining B. Although D. When B. pocket D. box B. orders D. games B. relaxing D. upsetting B. refuse D. try B. definitely D. hardly
【文章大意】 本文是夹叙夹议文。通过本文提到的“手机游戏”，我们知道下班回家后或在私密的空间里受到手机的干扰，很苦
恼。本文就这个问题提出了可行的建议。 1. 答案 C
解析 根据上句“they play something called the ‘phone pile’ game.”可知，进入私人房间后，每个人都把手机(phones)放在桌子上。 2. 答案 B
解析 无论谁在账单到达之前检查他们的设备(手机)，都要支付(pays)晚餐的费用。 3. 答案 A
解析 这个游戏是在一年前开始的，游戏的创始人Lily，在那个时候，她下班回家后受到手机的干扰，很烦恼。ignoring“忽视”；checking“核对”；charging“收费”；finding“找到”。 4. 答案 D
解析 所以一走进来，她就开始(began)把手机放进一个小容器里。 5. 答案 C
解析 类似的技巧是由霍莉做的，她不想(want)睡在一个手机哔哔作响的空间里。hate “厌恶”；arrange“安排”；want “想要”；promise“许诺”。 6. 答案 B
解析 因此，她禁止(banned)在她的卧室里使用电脑和手机。lost“失去”；banned“禁止”；collected“收集”；adjusted“调整”。 7. 答案 A
解析 因此，她禁止在她的卧室里使用电脑和手机——这是她在微信朋友圈里分享(shared)的一条规则。shared“分享”；agreed“同意”；talked“谈论”；provided“提供”。 8. 答案 D
解析 随着科学技术的飞速发展，智能手机继续(continue)影响着我们的生活，而像谷歌眼镜这样的可穿戴设备也在威胁着我们。intend“打算”；choose“选择”；happen“发生”；continue“继续”。 9. 答案 A
解析 随着科学技术的飞速发展，智能手机继续影响着我们的生活，而像谷歌眼镜这样的可穿戴设备也在威胁(threaten)着我们的私人空间。threaten“威胁”；defend“辩护”；improve“提高”；use“使用”。 10. 答案 C
解析 这些隔离的方式(ways)正在改善他们的生活。tricks“诡计”；beliefs“信仰”；ways“方法”；guesses“猜测”。 11. 答案 A
解析 断开连接是我们都需要(need)的事情，故答案为A。 12. 答案 D
解析 让每个人都能随时联系到(available)的这种期望，使得试图留出私人时间的这个事成了一个真正的问题。dependable“可靠的”；
attractive“吸引人的”；convenient“方便的”；available“可获得的”。 13. 答案 B
解析 让每个人都能随时联系到的这种期望，使得试图留出(set aside)私人时间的这个事成了一个真正的问题。put out“扑灭”；set aside“留出”；turn down“拒绝，调小”；cut off“切断”。 14. 答案 C
解析 一个有用的断开联系(disconnecting)方法是为你的手机选择一个牛奶罐，就像莉莉一样。connecting“连接”；distributing“分配；散布”；disconnecting“断开”；entertaining“款待”。 15. 答案 D
解析 当我的手机亮起来的时候(When)，它仍然是一种干扰，所以就把它放在盒子里。 16. 答案 D
解析 当我的手机亮起来的时候，它仍然是一种干扰，所以就把它放在盒子(box)里。 17. 答案 A
解析 另一些人选择了新规则(rules)。 18. 答案 B
解析 现在晚上更放松(relaxing)，我睡得更好。flexible“灵活的”；relaxing“放松的”；urgent“紧急的”；upsetting“令人心烦意乱的”。
19. 答案 C
解析 睡眠是一个重要因素，这就是为什么有些人更喜欢(prefer)把手机放在卧室外面。 20. 答案 B
解析 对这些人来说，这样做一定(definitely)是头脑清醒，心灵安静。nearly“几乎”；definitely“一定地”；finally“最后”；hardly“几乎不”。
(2019·宝鸡市模拟)A comfort zone, particularly for students in high school, serves as a nonrisk, nonfailure and nonrejection zone. It __1__ that most teenagers are not __2__ to extend themselves or take risks in their life and they __3__ want to escape from their parents. My first __4__ of being thrown out of my comfort zone was in my high school. Many of my friends in the first year had started to __5__， regardless of the results, with alcohol, drugs or other __6__ things. For them, it was __7__ to care more about alcohol, parties or girlfriends/boyfriends rather than their __8__， study or other friends. That was not the case with me. None of my friends had the determination to __9__ their risky behavior, including pressure in the new group and the new comfort zone of going along with new friends. __10__， they simply replaced one comfort zone with another riskier one with potentially severe results. Those had little __11__ for me. I considered myself to be smarter than my old friends and was trying to develop __12__ and diverse interests. I threw myself into my __13__ and spent a long time in the library. I took an active part in
community service. I gained confidence and the rewards of my study __14__ my old friends wandered in school, with little thought or concern for their __15__. Could they support themselves in the future? Because of our __16__ opinion, interests and values, the only __17__ of our friendship, we chose to end it. I couldn't __18__ their group just to be accepted.
__19__ I went through a high school student's worst experience — having no peer(同龄人) group.
A quote from the television series Boy Meets World __20__ my personal experience with peer groups: “Lose one friend, lose all friends, but don't lose yourself.” 1. A. reflects C. notes 2. A. open C. proud 3. A. already C. still 4. A. game C. experience 5. A. compare C. experiment 6. A. painful C. strange 7. A. cool C. unique 8. A. holidays C. projects 9. A. exhibit
B. allows D. determines B. willing D. devoted B. yet D. even B. grade D. example B. adjust D. fight B. powerful D. unhealthy B. wise D. rare B. families D. businesses B. admit
C. plan
10. A. Unfortunately C. Hopefully 11. A. danger C. doubt 12. A. popular C. new 13. A. discovery C. study 14. A. if C. though 15. A. future C. friendship 16. A. legal C. poor 17. A. system C. basis
18. A. make up for C. look down on 19. A. By no means C. As a result 20. A. enjoys C. sends 答案与解析
D. stress B. Surprisingly D. Interestingly B. regret D. appeal B. strong D. close B. habit D. memory B. because D. while B. journey D. wealth B. different D. public B. trend D. design B. keep away from D. go along with B. On the contrary D. In addition B. explains D. gathers
【文章大意】 本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者很多高中朋友沾染不良习惯，而作者却过着积极健康的校园生活。最终，作者和老朋友们结束了友谊。作者认为失去一个朋友也好，失去了所有的朋
友也罢，唯独不能迷失了自我。 1. 答案 A
解析 根据后面描述的青少年的一系列表现可知，这是舒适圈所反映(reflects)的问题。reflects“反映”；allows“允许”；notes“注意”；determines“决定”。 2. 答案 B
解析 根据前文“non-risk, nonfailure and nonrejection”，可知大多数青少年不愿意拓展他们自己，或者在生活中冒险，他们甚至想要摆脱他们的父母。open“开放的”；willing“乐意的”；proud“自豪的”；devoted“忠诚的”。 3. 答案 D
解析 根据常识判断，多数青少年不愿意拓展他们自己，或者在生活中冒险，和摆脱他们的父母相比，后者严重程度更深，故用even表示程度更深。 4. 答案 C
解析 后文作者描述了自己的一次被抛出舒适区的经历(experience)是在读高中时。 5. 答案 C
解析 由“regardless of the results, with alcohol, drugs or other __6__ things.”可知“我”朋友中的许多人在第一年就开始不计后果尝试喝
酒，毒品。compare“比较”；adjust“调整”；experiment“尝试”；fight“打架”。 6. 答案 D
解析 由“alcohol, drugs”可知，这些都是不健康(unhealthy)的东西。 7. 答案 A
解析 根据常识可知喝酒、聚会、结交男朋友或者女朋友对于青少年来说是非常酷(cool)的事情。 8. 答案 B
解析 根据常识可知，关心家人、学习和其他的普通朋友，在青少年看来一点也不酷。 9. 答案 B
解析 根据后文“they simply replaced one comfort zone with another riskier one with potentially severe results”可知“我”的朋友中没有人承认他们的危险行为。 10. 答案 A
解析 根据本句中的“another riskier one with potentially severe results”可知作者认为他的朋友的做法更危险，自然是不幸的(Unfortunately)事情。 11. 答案 D
解析 根据前文“That was not the case with me.”可知那些对“我”完全没有吸引力(appeal)。
12. 答案 C
解析 由“I considered myself to be smarter than my old friends”可知“我”努力培养新的(new)、多种多样的兴趣。 13. 答案 C
解析 由“and spent a long time in the library.”可知“我”投身于学习(study)中。 14. 答案 D
解析 “我”获得了信心和学习的回报，然而“我”的老朋友们却在学校里闲逛，两者构成鲜明的对比，故用while。if“如果”；because“因为”；though“尽管”；while“然而”。 方法论 根据逻辑关系确定答案
完形填空有时可以根据前后句子的逻辑关系去解题，例如本题就是根据前后句子内容构成转折的逻辑关系解题的。 15. 答案 A
解析 根据后句“Could they support themselves in the future？”可知他们不思考或是关心自己的未来。 16. 答案 B
解析 根据前文内容可知，“我”和“我”的老朋友们有不同的(different)观点、兴趣和价值观。 17. 答案 C
解析 根据前文可知，“我”和朋友们有不同的观点、兴趣和价值观，
就是说没有了友谊的唯一基础(basis)，所以我们选择结束它。system“体系”；trend“趋势”；basis“基础”；design“设计”。 18. 答案 D
解析 “我”不能仅仅是为了被接受而附和他们。make up for“补偿”；keep away from“远离”；look down on“看不起”；go along with“附和；随行”。 19. 答案 C
解析 根据前文可知，“我”和朋友们决裂之后，结果是，“我”遭遇了一名高中学生最糟糕的经历，没有同龄人群体。By no means“决不”；On the contrary“正相反”；As a result“结果”；In addition“而且”。 20. 答案 B
解析 由“Lose one friend, lose all friends, but don't lose yourself.”可知，这个引用解释了“我”的个人经历。enjoys“欣赏”；explains“解释”； sends“发送”； gathers“收集”。
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