课时分层作业 十五
Module 4 Period 3
Ⅰ. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
1. George returned after the war, only to be told(tell) that his wife had left him. 2. He told us whether to have(have) a picnic was still under discussion.
3. The children all turned to look at(look at) the famous actress as she entered the classroom.
4. His first book to be published(publish) next month is based on a true story. 5. We have to start somewhere if we want to learn how to write (write) plays. 6. Cancer can be cured if discovered(discover)in time. 7. It is right to give (give) up smoking at any time for anyone. Ⅱ. 单句改错
1. I have a lot of readings complete before the end of this term. to)
2. If you watch carefully the process of the experiment you will see what to do it by yourself. (what→how) 【补偿训练】
I have thought over your suggestion, but I still haven’t decided how to do.
(how→what或do后加it)
3. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, not make it more difficult.
(在not后加to) (complete前加
4. He couldn’t go to England for further education. He regretted miss such a good chance. (miss→missing)
5. She was asked not make so much noise because her little brother was sleeping.
(not后加to)
6. Travelling can broaden our view and it can make us feeling relaxed after a long period of studying. (feeling→feel)
7. They pretended to reading when the teacher came in. 8. —How did you spend your weekend, Joe?
—I didn’t find anything interesting for me but do some washing instead of my mother.
(but后加to)
(to后加be)
9. After the meeting, we went to the supermarket to do some shopping, only find that it was being decorated. (only后加to)
10. The work needs completed by the end of the week. (completed→completing) Ⅲ. 语法填空
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2016·四川高考)
The giant panda 1. _________ (love) by people throughout the world. Chinese scientists 2. _________ (recent) had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby. She was a very 3. _________ (care) mother. For 25 days, she never left her baby, not even to find something 4. _________ (eat)! She would not let any other pandas come near. She licked the baby constantly to keep it clean. Any smell might attract natural 5. _________(enemy) that would try to eat the little panda.
The mother held the baby in her front paws much the way a human does.
6. _________it cried, she rocked it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats. The mother continued to care for the young panda 7. _________ more than two years. By that time, the panda no longer needed 8. _________(it) mother for food. However, it stayed with her and learned about the ways of the forest. Then, after two and a half years the mother 9. _________(drive) the young panda away. It was time for her to have a new baby, 10. _________ it was also time for the young panda to be independent.
【语篇概述】本文是一篇叙事文, 介绍了一对大熊猫的故事。
1. 【解析】is loved。考查时态和语态。句意: 大熊猫受到全世界人们的喜爱。根据句子的主谓关系可知, 此处使用一般现在时的被动语态。
2. 【解析】recently。考查副词。根据句子结构可知, 此处应使用副词recently修饰谓语动词had, 表示“最近”。
3. 【解析】caring/careful。考查形容词。修饰名词mother, 应用形容词作定语, 而care的形容词可以是caring(照顾人的)或careful(细心的)。
4. 【解析】to eat。考查非谓语动词。此处用动词不定式作something的后置定语, 意为“吃的东西”。
5. 【解析】enemies。考查词性转换。根据逻辑关系可知, 此处的意思是“天敌”, 应使用复数形式natural enemies。
6. 【解析】When/If。考查连词。根据逻辑关系可知, 此处是状语从句的连词, 根据意义可以是“当……时候”或“如果”。
7. 【解析】for。考查介词。此处应该用介词for表示一段时间。
8. 【解析】its。考查代词。此处表示“它的母亲”, 故使用形容词性物主代词its
修饰名词mother。
9. 【解析】drove。考查时态。根据上下文可知, 此处叙述过去的事情, 故用一般过去时态。
10. 【解析】and。考查连词。根据句子结构可知, 此处两个分句之间为并列关系, 故使用连词and。 【补偿训练】完成句子
1. Premier Li Keqiang said it was an “important task” to find jobs for all the university graduates.
李克强总理说帮助所有高校毕业生找到工作是一项“重要任务”。
2. The 50th anniversary of the August 1963 march in Washington is a moment to consider how close the U. S. has come to Martin Luther King Jr. ’s dream. 1963年8月华盛顿大游行的50周年纪念日给人们提供了一个契机, 思考美国距离马丁·路德·金的梦想已经有多近。 【知识拓展】
名词moment, decision, wish, chance, attempt, ability, plan, promise, warning等常可用不定式作后置定语。例如: I don’t trust his promise to come for a visit. 我不相信他来访的诺言。
He said he had no plans to go there. 他说他没有要去那里的计划。 3. —It’s no use having ideas only.
—Don’t worry. Peter can show you how to turn an idea into an act. ——光有主意没用。
——不用担心, 彼得可以教你怎样把主意变为行动。
4. Some 200 people were reported to have been killed in the earthquake. 据报道, 大约有200人在地震中死亡。
5. If he takes on the work, he will have no choice but to meet an even greater challenge.
如果他承担这项工作, 他将别无选择只有面对更大的挑战。
6. Though he had often made his little sister cry, today he was made to cry by his little sister.
尽管他经常把他妹妹惹哭, 但是今天他被他妹妹惹哭了。 7. Your job is to wash dishes. 你的工作是刷盘子。
8. To master a foreign language is necessary for a college student. 掌握一门外语对大学生来说很有必要。
9. The teacher told his students to pay attention to their pronunciation. 老师让学生注意他们的发音。
10. Some scientists went to Germany to attend a medical conference. 一些科学家去德国参加医学大会。
A
Cities are likely to be affected by overheating, thanks to something called the urban heat island effect. Cities tend to be short of trees, which provide shade, and they are covered with black pavement, which absorbs heat from the sun. Think of how it feels to wear a dark shirt versus a white shirt on a sunny day. A black shirt absorbs light, heating you up. But a white shirt reflects light, keeping you cool.
The average temperature in a city of a million or more people can be more than 5 degrees F hotter than surrounding areas. That extra 5 degrees can turn a hot day from uncomfortable to deadly. As temperatures rise, cities will be an especially dangerous place to be during a heat wave. To protect public health, city officials are going to make the city cooler.
As part of that effort, Los Angeles is coating its roads in Cool Seal, a gray paint that keeps streets and parking lots 10 degrees cooler than black asphalt(沥青). It will help Angelinos save money during the summer, when air conditioning sends power bills soaring. And it will save lives by lowering temperatures and improving air quality. Hot weather worsens air pollution by turning car exhaust into smog, which can make life miserable for people with asthma(哮喘) and other breathing problems.
Of course, LA will have to do more than paint over a few streets to cool off the city. Angelinos will also need to plant more trees and apply white paint to rooftops—at least those not already covered in solar panels. While LA is a pioneer
of reflective streets, other cities, like New York, are already experimenting with reflective roofs or, like Melbourne, lowering the temperature by planting trees. LA is hardly alone in its effort to stay cool.
“This is an urgent challenge, and it’s much bigger than one person, ” said Mayor Garcetti in a recent statement. “Climate change is a fact of life that people in Los Angeles and cities around the world live with every day. ”
【语篇概述】文章主要提出了热岛效应这个概念, 然后说明热岛效应带来的危害。
1. Which of the following contributes to the urban heat island effect? A. Planting more trees in the streets. B. Covering the streets with white paint. C. Applying reflective paint on rooftops. D. Furnishing every house with air conditioners.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据文章第一段的内容以及倒数第二段第二句 Angelinos will also need to plant more trees and apply white paint to rooftops 可知, 多植树, 把道路刷成白色, 以及给屋顶粉刷具有反射性的颜料, 这些都是缓解热岛效应的措施, 因此A、B和C项均不符合题意。D项意为“给每座房子装空调”, 会加重热岛效应, 符合题意。
2. What should the city officials emphasize during hot summer? A. How to make the city cooler. B. Where to wear a white shirt.
C. Why to coat the roads with black paint. D. When to cut off the electricity supply.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容可知, 热岛效应导致市区的温度比郊区高五度, 而这会给人们的健康带来致命的危险, 因此政府人员在炎热夏季的主要任务就是让城市的温度降下来, 因此A项符合题意。 3. What benefit can people gain from the use of CoolSeal? A. Increasing the indoor activities. B. Promoting the sale of air conditioners. C. Making life easier and more comfortable. D. Reducing the number of cold days.
【解析】选C。根据文章第三段第一句 As part of that effort, Los Angeles is coating its roads in CoolSeal, a gray paint that keeps streets and parking lots 10 degrees cooler than black asphalt 和第三句 And it will save lives by lowering temperatures and improving air quality. 可知, 把洛杉矶的马路涂上一层冷确面, 即一种灰色的油漆, 可以降低温度并改善空气质量。从而使人们的生活更加轻松舒适。故选C。
4. What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. L. A. adopted many approaches to fight against the heat. B. L. A. calls on people to fight against global warming. C. More and more countries begin to plant trees in the streets. D. L. A. is painting its streets white to keep the city cool.
【解析】选D。主旨大意题。文章主要提出了热岛效应这个概念, 然后说明热岛效应带来的危害, 最后也是文章的中心内容, 介绍了洛杉矶为了降温给城市采取的措施——把街道刷成白色, 因此D项符合题意。
B
Most of the sandstorms that had swept China last year came from foreign land, a Chinese official in charge of desertification control said on Monday. And the invasions(入侵)could partly explain the frequent sandstorms in the country in recent years despite its achievements in desertification control.
Since the start of last spring, the northern and northwestern Chinese regions had been hit by 17 sandstorms, of which, a dozen came from foreign land.
Situated in the central-Asia sandstorm region, one of the world’s four largest sandstorm sources, China also suffers from sandstorms from outside the country while being blamed as a sand source to northeast Asia. The other three major sources are in Africa, North America and Australia.
The land suffering from desertification has been decreasing by 7, 585 square kilometres annually in China, and the area of sandy land has also been falling by 1, 284 square kilometres a year.
The shrinkage (收缩) forms a clear contrast to the fact that the land suffering from desertification and sandy feature was added by 10, 400 square kilometres and 3, 436 square kilometres late last century, respectively.
Currently, the desertification land in China makes up 2. 64 million square kilometres, accounting for 27. 46 percent of the nation’s land, and its sandy land totals 1. 74 million square kilometres, accounting for 18. 1 percent of the country’s total.
【语篇概述】本文主要讲了中国遭受沙尘暴侵袭, 通过治理在控制沙漠化方面取得了一定成效。
5. Where do most of the sandstorms in China come from? A. The northwestern Chinese regions. B. The northern Chinese regions. C. The western part of China. D. Foreign countries.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段第一句和第二段可知, 中国遭受沙尘暴侵袭的沙尘大部分来源于外国。
6. Which of the following is believed to be the sand source to northeast Asia? A. Mongolia. C. China.
B. Africa. D. Australia.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知, 中国被认为是东北亚风沙的来源地。
7. What does the underlined word “decreasing” mean in Paragraph 4? A. Going down. C. Coming from.
B. Going up. D. Taking up.
【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据第四段最后的“has also been falling by 1, 284 square kilometres a year”可知, 该词的意思是“减少”, 与fall的意思接近, 故选A项。
8. What can we infer from this passage?
A. The land in China suffering from desertification has been increasing greatly. B. China has made achievements in its own desertification control. C. The desertification land makes up nearly half of China’s territory. D. Little progress has been made in controlling desertification in China.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据文章的第四段提供的数据可以看出, 中国在控制沙漠化方面取得了成效。
【拓展训练】根据阅读理解B进行句式仿写 1. 排球是我很喜欢的运动。(of which引导定语从句) Volleyball is a sport of which I am very fond. 2. 有些小孩在河里游泳。(现在分词作定语) There were some children swimming in the river.
3. 我们不得不正视这样的现实: 我们已经做错了。(the fact that同位语从句) We have to face the fact that we have done wrong.
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