音标中文谐音表

/i:/ bee/bi:/ feet/fi:t/ keep/ki:p/ key/ki:/ team/ti:m/ meet/mi:t/ /i/ it /it/ big/big/ city/siti/ give/giv/ sick/sik/ /e/ get/get/ best/best/ text/tekst/ help/help/ /æ/ fat/fæt/ have/hæv/ cat/kæt/ back/bæk/ hat/hæt/ /a:/ laugh/la:f/ glass/gla:s/ half/ha:f/ farm/fa:m/ park/pa:k/ /ɔ:/ horse/hɔ: s/ saw/sɔ:/ corn/kɔ:n/ course/kɔ:s/ salt/sɔ:t/ / ɔ / dog/dɔg/ pot/pɔt/ cost/kɔst/ what/wɔt/ honest/′ɔnist/ /u:/ food/fu:d/ moon/mu:n/ rule/ru:l/ loose/lu:s/ noon/nu:n/ /u/ book/buk/ put/put/ good/gud/ would/wud/ could/kud/ / ʌ / must/mʌst/ does/dʌz/ money/′mʌni/ ugly/′ʌgli/ e/kʌm/ /ə:/ nurse/nə:s/ bird/bə:d/ burn/bə:n/ turn/tə:n/ girl/gə:l/ /ə / better/betə/ never/nevə/ worker/wə:kə/ wele/welkəm/ /ei/ may/mei/ name/neim/ game/geim/ eight/eit/ age/eidʒ/

/əu/ no/nəu/ home/həum/ hope/həup/ wrote/rəut/ note/nəut/ pose/pəuz/ /ai/ eye/ai/ time/taim/ buy/bai/ right/rait/ bike/baik/ kite/kait/

/au/ now/nau/ out/aut/ how/hau/ about/ ə′baut/ south/sauθ/ house/haus/ /ɔi/ boy/bɔi/ toy/tɔi/ noise/nɔiz/ voice/vɔis/ point/pɔint/ /iə/ ear/iə/ near/niə/ idea/ai′diə/ hear/hiə/ mere/miə/ spear/spiə/ /εə/ air/εə/ tear/tεə/ care/kεə/ dare/dεə/ fair/fεə/ there/ðεə/ /uə/ tour/tuə/ poor/puə/ sure/ʃuə/ moor/muə/(停泊) your/juə/ /p/ pea/pi:/ pie/pai/ top/tɔp/ cap/kæp/ people/pi:pl/ pride/praid/ /b/ bee/bi:/ by/bai/ buy/bai/ black/blæk/ bear/bεə/ /t/ let/let/ sat/sæt/ feet/fi:t/ team/ti:m/ tide/taid/ /d/ led/led/ sad/sæd/ feed/fi:d/ do/du:/ dear/diə/

/k/ lack/læk/ take/teik/ clock/klɔk/ class/kla:s/ weekend/′wi:kend/ /g/ big/big/ lag/læg/ glass/gla:s/ gum/gʌm/ good/gud/ guest/gest/ /f/ face/feis/ fast/fa:st/ leaf/li:f/ surf/sə:f/ favorite/′feivərit/ /v/ very/′veri/ five/faiv/ fever/′fi:və/ serve/sə:v/ never/′nevə/

/θ/ bath/ba:θ/(v洗澡) thick/θik/ mouth/mauθ/ breath/breθ/(n呼吸) /ð/ the/ ðə/ they/ðei/ that/ðæt/ mother/′mʌðə/ thus/ ðʌs/ then/ðen/ /s/ face/feis/ mouse/maus/ cakes/keiks/ caps/kæps/ likes/laiks/ /z/ close/kləuz/ keys/ki:z/ boys/bɔiz/ pens/penz/ halves/ha:vz/ /tʃ/ catch/kætʃ/ cheep/tʃi:p/ rich/ritʃ/ watch/wtʃ/ child/tʃaild/ /dʒ/ orange/′ɔridʒ/ large/la:dʒ/ juice/dʒu:s/ job/dʒɔb/ /tr/ tree/tri:/ try/trai/ true/tru:/ trouble/traubl/ track/træk/

/dr/ dry/drai/ dream/dri:m/ dress/dres/ drink/driŋk/ hundred/′hʌndrid/ /ʃ/ she/ʃi:/ sharp/ʃa:p/ fish/fiʃ/ shock/ʃɔk/ shoe/ʃu:/ /ʒ/ pleasure/′pleʒə/ measure/′meʒə/ television/′teliviʒən/ /ts/ let′s/lets/ sports/spɔ:ts/ puts/puts/ writes/raits/ seats/si:ts/ /dz/ hands/hændz/ birds/bə:dz/ friends/freindz/ beds/bedz/

/h/ he/ hi:/ hard/ha:d/ him/him/ heard/hə:d/ half/ha:f/ /l/ like/laik/ late/leit/ learn/lə:n/ lead/li:d/ light/lait/

/m/ my/mai/ more/mɔ:/ seem/si:m/ meat/mi:t/ mind/maind/ men/men/ /n/ nice/nais/ wind/waind/ mind/maind/ rain/rein/ fine/fain/ /ŋ/ sing/siŋ/ wing/wiŋ/ ring/riŋ/ long/lɔŋ/ beautiful/bju:təfl/ /j/ you/ju:/ few/fju:/ yard/ja:d/ music/′mju:zik/ student/′stju:dnt/

/w/ work/wə:k/ way/wei/ well/wel/ what/wɔt/ twelve/twelv/ twin/twin/ /r/ red/red/ road/rəud/ write/rait/ wrong/rɔŋ/ problem/′prɔbləm/ 附：常见的字母与字母组合发音规则 元音字母及元音字母组合拼读规则 元音字母的发音 元音字母a

重读开音节 [ei] paper ; late ; make ; lake ; face 重读闭音节 [æ] bag ; fat ; cat ; ladder ; mass （*例外：any一些[e] ;many许多[e]） 非重读音节 [ə]或[i]

即：[ə]—— ago ; along ; among ;above ; aloud

[i]—— rade ; village ; manager ； palace ; private ；necklace *连续相同的辅音（字母），一般只发一个音，而且归属 后一个音节段。如上的ladder,village .

4.在字母w或wh后面 ，发[ɔ] was ; wash ; what ; want ; (*例外：water水[ɔ:])

5.a在诸如-ance;-ask;-ass;-ast;-ath组合里,重读时均发[a:] 即：dance ;France ; chance ask ;mask ;task ;basket

class ;grass ;glass ;pass ;——（*例外：mass[æ]） fast ;cast ;past ;last ;master ;

father ;path ;bath ;——(*例外：maths[æ]) (二)元音字母e

1.重读开音节 [i:] me ;he ;she ;these ;evening 2.重读闭音节 [e] hen ;get ; set ;tell ;echo

3.非重读音节 [i] useless ;ticket ;basket ;pocket ;before ;below ; （三）元音字母i或y

1.重读开音节 [ai] China ; try ; my ; hi ; time ; guide ; 2.重读闭音节 [i] sit ; hit ; ill ; little ; system ; 3.非重读音节 [i] unit ;study (四)元音字母o

1.重读开音节 [əu] no ; so ; go ; home ; photo ; 2.重读闭音节 [ɔ] not ; hot ; box ; fox ; cock ; cost ; 3.非重读音节 [ə] purpose ; concern 4.o在字母m,n,v或th之前，均发[ʌ] son ; month ; e ; ton ; (*例外：Tom[ɔ]) love ; dove ; glove ; above ; another mother ; brother ; bee ; some

5.两个单词：woman[‘wu-mən]女人（单数） ; women[‘wi-min]女人（复数） （五）元音字母u

1.重读开音节 [ju:] pupil ; student ; use ; cube 2.重读闭音节 [ʌ]或[u]

即：[ʌ]——cut ; luck ; umbrella ; us [u]——put ; full ; pull

非重读音节 [ə] autumn ;August ; support

●元音字母组合的拼读规则 （一）元音字母a的字母组合

1.ai或ay在重读音节中 [ei] rain ; train ; brain ; pain day ; may ; play ; stay ; lay

*ay在非重读音里[i]或[ei] Sunday ; Monday ; Tuesday ; Thursday ; Friday 2.al+绝大多数辅音字母 [ɔ:] small ; wall ; call ; talk ; walk ；chalk 或[ɔ: l] also ; always *al后面是k时，只发[ɔ:] al+f或m时，al发[a:] half ; calm

-al在词尾非重读[（ə）l] medal ; metal ; (例外canal运河，重音在后[æl]) 3.-ance在重读时[a: ns] chance ; dance ; France

在非重读时[əns] importance ；performance ；ambulance 4.-ant非重读[ənt] assistant ; important ；peasant

5.-ange一般[eindʒ] change ; danger ; strange ;(*但orange [indʒ]) 6.-age 一般[idʒ] village ; carriage ; marriage 7.-ask一般重读时[a: sk] ask ; mask ; task ;basket

8.-ass一般重读时[a: s] class ; glass ; grass ; pass ; (*但mass[æ]) 9.-ast一般重读时[a: st] last ; past ; fast ; cast -aste一般[eist] waste ; paste ; taste 10.-ath一般[a:θ] bath ; path ; (*但maths[æθ]) 或[a:ð] father ; rather ; (*但gather[æð])

11.-au一般[ɔ:] cause ; autumn ;August ; (*但because[ɔ]) -augh(t) [ɔ: (t)] caught ; taught ; daughter

(*例外：laugh[l a: f]) 12.-aw [ɔ:] draw ; saw ; law ; awful 13.a在字母w或wh后面，a发[ɔ]

was ; wash ; want ; what ; (*但water[ɔ:])

14.-ar 重读音时[a:] party ; car ; farm ; army ; yard ; hard ; star

在字母w或音[w]后面时 [ɔ:] war ; warm ; warn ;towards ; *quarter 在非重读音时[-ə] beggar ; dollar ; solar

15.-are一般[-εə] hare ; bare ; dare ; stare ; rare ; care ; parent 16.-air一般[-εə] chair ; fair ; hair ; pair ; stair ; repair 17.-able 一般[eibl] able ; cable ; table ; stable (二)元音字母e的组合

1.-ea重读音节有四个音，分别是下列：

-ea[i:] team ; meat ; lead ; teach ; read ; mean ; please ; steal -ea[e] threat ; bread ; meant ; read(过去式和过去分词) ; peasant -ea[iə] real ; really -ea[ei] great ; break

2.-ee[i:] feel ; week ; keep ; three ; steel ; street ; sweep ; see *但是一个例外：coffee[i]

3.-eer[iə] deer ; pioneer ; engineer ; volunteer 4.-er重读音节[ə:] her ; term ; service ; Germany 非重读[ə] worker ; paper ; western ; teacher 特殊读法[a:] clerk 5.-ere [iə] here ; mere

-ere 或者发[εə] there ; where 6.-ear 有三种音，分别是：

-ear [iə] ear ; dear ; near ; clear ; tear (n.) ; beard -ear [ə:] early ; earth ; learn ; heard -ear [a:] heart

* tear作为动词时，发[εə] 7.-ei [ei] eight ; weigh ; weight -ei [ai] height -ei [i:] receive

8.-ey重读[ei] they ; hey ; survey -ey重读[i:] key

-ey非重读[i] monkey ; donkey ; valley ; volleyball *-et非重读[it] pocket ; ticket ; rocket 9.-ew 一般[ju:] new ; few ; knew -ew 或者发[u:] grew ; threw -ew还可以发[əu] sew 10.-ege [idʒ] college

11.-est [i s t] biggest ; modest ; happiest; 12.词尾的-ed在浊音后[d] lived ; studied -ed在清音后[t] worked ; finished -ed在字母t或d后[id] wanted ; needed （三）元音字母i或y的组合

1.-ie在重读音节中，或在辅音字母前，发[i:] field ; piece ; achieve -ie在词尾[ai] lie ; die ; tie

2.-igh(t)在重读音节[ai(t)] high ; night ; light ; bright 3.-ir在重读音节[ə:] girl ; firm ; circle ; first ; third 4.-ire在重读音节[‘aiə] fire ; tired ; hire ; retired ; wire

5.-ild [aild] child ; wild

6.-ind [aind] find ; kind ; mind ; wind ; (*但window[ind]) 7.-ing [iŋ] king ; wing ; sing ; doing ; making

8.-(a)tion [(ei) ʃn] nation ; pronunciation ; information ；position -stion [tʃn] question

-sion [ʃn]或[ʒn] mission使命 ; precision精密 9.-ye在词尾[ai] good-bye ; bye-bye 10.-ist[i s t] list ; fist ; (四)元音字母o的组合

1.-oa在重音时[əu] boat ; coat ; road ; goat ; toad -oar在重音时[ɔ:] blackboard ; aboard 2.-oi，-oy在重音时[ɔi] boiler ; point ; join ; oil boy ; toy ; joy ; loyal

3.-oo一般[u:] soon ; too ; zoo ; room ; noon ; food ; mood ; boot ; moon

*单词room和其他名词构成合成词时，常发短音。如classroom[u]…等等。 在字母k或有时在t，d之前时[u] cook ; look ; book ; took ; foot ; good ； 4.-or在重音时[ɔ:] for ; horse ; important ; morning ; born -or在字母w后面[ə:] work ; word ; world ; worse ; worth (*但是wore ,worn例外，均发[ɔ:])

-or在非重音时[ə] monitor ; doctor ; professor ; forget ; forwards ; forgive ; conductor

5.-oar一般[ɔ:] board ; aboard; blackboard

6.-oor一般[ɔ:]或在美式英语里发[ɔ ə] door ; floor -oor 还发[uə] poor

7.-ore在重音时[ɔ:] snore ; more ; before ; foreign; forest

8.-ou一般[au] shout ; loud ; round ; found -ou还发[ʌ] country ; countryside ；trouble -ou 还发[u:] wound ; wounded

9.-ough(t)发[ɔ:( t)] ought ; brought ; bought ; fought ; thought (*例外：cough[k ɔ f]) 10.-oe[əu] toe ; hoe ; Joe

11.-old[əu l d] old ; hold ; cold ; told

12.-ost[əu s t] post ; most ; host ; ghost (*例外cost[ɔ s t]) 13.-our在重音时[au] sour ; our ; hour ; 还发[ɔ:] four ; course ; pour 还发[uə] tour ; gourd

-our 在词尾(非重音)[ ə] colour ; neighbour ; favourite 14.-ow在重音时[au] now ; cow ; down ; how ; town

-ow在重音或非重音中[əu] low ; yellow ; below ; follow ; grow tomorrow ; window ; widow ; know ; show （五）元音字母u的组合

1.-u在字母ll或sh之前，或者在字母b,p或f之后，均发[u] 如：full ; bull ; pull ; push ; bush 字母l,r或j+u构成的开音节，u发[u:] rule ; true ; blue ; June 2.-ue在词尾[ju:] argue ; continue

3.-ui在字母j或r后面时，发[u:] fruit ; juice

-ui在字母b或g后面，或者紧接重音节后面的一个音节时发[i] 如： build ; guilty ; biscuit

(*即就是说字母u不发音) 4.-ur在重音时[ə:] turn ; return ; Thursday ; nurse ; purse

在非重音时[ə] surprise ; Saturday

-ure在重音时[(j)uə] pure[juə] ; manure[juə] ; sure[uə] - ture发[tʃə] picture ; future ; mixture (II) ●辅音字母及辅音字母组合的拼读规则

辅音字母一般都发字母本身音,只有一些是特殊的,下面试列举如下: 1.b在一般情况下[b] back ； big ; lab ; brother b和u在一起，u常发[i] building； build ； busy -bt一般[t] debt ; doubt

2.c在字母e,i或y前面时[s] city ; Bruce ; juice ; bicycle ；face ; central c在字母a,o或u,或者在辅音字母前[k] cup ; cold ; cattle ; duck ; bicycle ; cap ; cut ; class ;

c在词尾时也发[k]，但后面有e，那还发[s] gymnastic[k] ; music[k] grace[s] ; Bruce[s]

-cc在元音字母a,o,u和辅音字母之前[k] occasion ; according ; occupy ; acclaim 在元音字母e和i之前[ks] accent ; success -ci有时发[ʃ] social

-ch 有三种音[tʃ][k]或[ʃ] 如下： [tʃ] China ; rich ; chick ; chalk

[k] school ; chemist ; chemistry ; chemical ; ache ; technology [ʃ] machine ; parachute ; moustache -tch[tʃ] catch ; match ; fetch ; hatch ; butcher -ck[k] duck ; luck ; ticket ; pocket ; black ; cock

3.d在一般情况下[d] did ; made ; desk ; duck ; doubt ; damage -ds发[dz] birds ; hands

dr在元音字母前[dr] dry ; dress ; driver ; drill

-dge一般[dʒ] bridge ; fridge ; judge ; edge 4.f在一般情况下[f] five ; flag ; life ; leaf

5.g在字母e,i或y前面[dʒ] large ; general ; gymnastics ; age ; energy *例外：give ; forgive ; get ; forget等,g都发[g]

在字母a,o或u,或者在辅音字母前[g] goat ; game ; guard ; ghost ; glass 在词尾也发[g] big ; egg ; fig ; flag -gn[n]，即g不发音 foreign ; sign ; gnaw

-gh发[f]或[-](*既不发音) [-] high ; thought ; light ; brought [f] laugh ; cough -dge发[dʒ] bridge ; knowledge ; judge

*gue-,gua-和gui-在词首时一般u都不发音 guess ; guest ; guard ; guide 而-gue在词尾发[g] league ; colleague

6.h在一般情况下[h] help ; behave ; hello ; hit ; hurry h在字母r或x后面不发音 rhino ; exhibition

7.j在一般情况下[dʒ] joy ; judge ; injure ; journey ; January ; jar ; just 8.k在一般情况下[k] king ; milk ; kick ; kiss ; lock ; knock

k后面是n时，k不发音,即kn发[n] knock ; knee ; know ; knowledge ; knife 9.l在元音字母前发[l](*即“勒”音，供参考) light ；look ; let ; lab ; live l在辅音字母或词尾时发[l](*即“尔”音，供参考) cold ；sell ; chalk 10.m在一般情况下[m] meet ; meat ; mother ; e ; make ; Tom m后面是b时,b不发音,即-mb发[m] b ; tomb ; climb ; bomber 11.n在一般情况下[n] in ; now ; next ; ton ; nest

n在m后面时，n常不发音,即-mn发[m] autumn ; column

但后面有后缀或构成合成词，则n还要发音的 autumnal ; columnist -ng常发[ŋ]或[ŋg] 发[ŋ] sing ; king ; English ;young

发 [ŋg] finger ；younger ; language

-nk常发[ŋk] bank ; sink ; sank ; sunk ; ink ; thank 12.p在一般情况下[p] map ; cap ; people ; pest -ph[f] photo ; phantom ; philosophy ; physics ; phrase 13.que在一般情况下[k] unique ; cheque

qu一般发[k w] quarter ; quick ; quilt ; quiet ; quite ; queen

14.r在元音字母前才发音[r](*即音同“略”供参考) room ；read ; rest ; around r在辅音字母或词尾前，一般不发音 car ; star ; jar rh在元音字母前只发[r] rhyme ; rhino ; rhetoric

15.s在词首和词尾、清辅音之前或之后,或者在词尾同时在短元音之后，一般发[s] 如：see ; some ; set ; sister ; works ; lips ; newspaper ; yes ; this

注：一条发音习惯，欧美人在发[s]音后面的清辅音时，习惯上把该清辅音发成相对应的浊辅音（而书写音标的时候，还是写成清辅音），试举例如下： 如：school---音标[s k u: l]，而习惯念成[s g u: l] street---音标[s tr i: t],而习惯念成[s dr i: t]

stubborn---音标[‘s t ʌ b n],而习惯念成[‘s d ʌ b n] student---音标[‘s t j u: d ə n t],而习惯念成[‘s d j u: d ə n t] space---音标[s p ei s],而习惯念成[s b ei s] steal---音标[s t i: l],而习惯念成[s d i: l]

就是这样，像这样的单词还有很多。这里只列举这么多了。 s在两个元音之间或者在浊辅音和元音之间时，发[z] 如：these ; nose ; lose ; rise ; wisdom ; observe

词尾的s在浊辅音或元音之后（即在浊音之后），发[z] 如：pigs ; plays ; flags ; eggs ; toys ; boys 词尾的s在长元音之后，发[z] hers ; yours

s还可以发[ʃ] sure ; Russia

-sh一般发[ʃ] sheep ; ship ; wish ; show ; shift ; fish -sch一般情况下[s k] school ; scheme(计划) -sion一般情况下[ʃ n] tension ; succession 在元音字母后[ʒ n] decision ; conclusion -sure在元音字母后[ʒ ə] measure ; pleasure 16..t在一般情况下[t] tooth ； cat ; teach ; tool ; hit cut ; let ; ten ; table ; taste ;

-th一般发[θ]或[ð],即发[θ] thin ; tooth ; youth ; think ; thigh 发[ð] that ; with ; this ; these ; those -tr[tr] try ; trust ; trip ; trouble ; tree ; street

-tion[ʃ n]information ; organization ; pronunciation ; production (*一个例外：question[tʃ n]) -ture[tʃ ə] picture ; mixture ; future

17.v在一般情况下[v] very ; live ; vehicle ; vase ; valley ; village 18.w在元音字母之前[w] wear ; window ; widow ; week ; weak ; wisdom wr[r] write ; wrong ; wrist ; written wh[h] who ; whom ; whose ; whole wh[w] what ; which ; when ; where ; why aw[ɔ:] draw ; saw ; law ; lawyer ; awful ew[j u:] few ; threw ; grew ; knew ; new ow[əu] own ; owner ; low ; slow ; know ; below ow[au] now ; cow ; crown

19.x在一般情况下[ks] box ; fox ; next ; textile

位于元音字母之前且重音落在后一个音节上时，发[gz] exam ; exist ; anxiety

20.y在元音字母之前[j] you ; youth ; yes ; young 21.z在一般情况下[z] zoo ; quiz ; zebra ; zero ; zipper